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Chadwick, neutrons in the fight against cancer

High objects of State (letters patent from Queen Victoria, each w/ Great Seal):
Author of Balfour Declaration - 1898 diplomatic credentials, for talks with Germany |
Chancellor of the Exchequer letters patent of Gladstone, 1873
The (Swedish General) Viktor Balck Olympic Games- Founding Archive
Swedish gold and bronze medals honoring Viktor Balck | Viktor Balck 1912 Stockholm Olympics book 
Tower and Sword collar of Viktor Balck 

                                                                        
Statesmen |Koerber - 1920s friend, then foe of Hitler | The Viktor von Koerber WWI Aviation Archive|    Presentation keys, gold medal to major U.K. statesman   Award Documents to important 19th century European diplomats

The JFK and staffers convention badges etc. Archive: I.D. Badges to JFK and Secretary Ev Lincoln 
Mass. Labor Federation badge (major speech)  1960 Democratic Nomination campaign: aide Bob Troutman

Heroines | First ever (gold NYC) Women's Club Medal of Honor   Award Diplomas to great Jewess opera singer
The Poignant Mayer family Jewish Heroism for (in WWI) and Flight from (pre-WWII) Germany ArchiveThe Lowy/ Salaman British Jewess Suffragette / WWI- Genetics Archive: Gertrude. Lowy, Nina Salaman
Presentation trowel etc. to president of "philanthropic" society for troubled girls

Concepts | News |
Historical commentary

            The Turkish Army Pilot's badge was fashioned after German and Austrian qualification badges of the period. Establis hed in 1914 by a French Officer, the Turkish Air Force came under the command of a German officer, Erich Sarno, after the outbreak of hostilities, and grew steadily during the war years thanks to an influx of German planes and pilots, as well as concerted efforts to train Ottoman pilots and observers.                                 From http://www.gwpda.org/medals/turkmedl/turkey.html

Awards of Outstanding International Importance to Statesmen and Heroines

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   The Order of Merit of the
Federal Republic of Germany

instituted in 1951 by Federal President Theodor Heuss. It is the only honour that may be awarded in all fields of endeavour and is the highest tribute the Federal Republic of Germany can pay to individuals for services to the nation.
The Order of Merit may be awarded to Germans as well as foreigners for achievements in the political, economic, social or intellectual realm and for all kinds of outstanding services to the nation in the field of social, charitable or philanthropic work. No pecuniary reward is attached.

Main fields of endeavour honoured
In awarding the Order of Merit the Federal President wishes to draw public attention to achievements that he believes are of particular value to society generally. Future awards should take more account of the achievements of women as well as young people. The main fields honoured are:                                   

 In most cases the Order is awarded by the Minister President of a Land, by a Land or Federal Minister, a Regional Commissioner or the mayor of a city . In a few cases the Federal President may present awards himself on occasions such as the Day of German Unity or Voluntary Service Day.
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Statistics                                                                                                         Since the Order of Merit was instituted in 1951, awards have been made to some 210,000 people.
. From http://www.bundespraesident.de/The-role-of-the-Federal-Presid/Work-in-Germany-,11180/The-Order-of-Merit-of-the-Fede.htm

(Austria) The Field Pilot's Badge 1913

To secure the badge a very thin and sharp steel pin is found at the reverse which runs from the needle block on the rear side of the Kaiser's crown through a loop at the rear side of the initial shield. From the drawing it can be clearly seen that the pin is much longer than the badge, which in reality is rarely to be seen as it would be distinctly unpractical. Notwithstanding, this pin had a design fault, as it was easily broken and during the course of the war many field pilots had the pin replaced with practical hooks.

The badge was awarded by the war ministry after the successful completion of the field pilot's training, and from 1915 after the additional proof of a further 10 operational sorties (Feindflügen). The appointment as a field pilot as well as the award of the badge was published separately in the army gazette (personnel affairs) and aviation troops orders respectively....

From 1916 the field pilot badge was generally (also retrospectively) only awarded for one year's duration. If the field pilot could prove a minimum of 10 operational sorties in the past year the right to continue to wear the badge was granted fro a further year. If the proof was not forthcoming, the badge had to be taken off and returned through service channels as the awarded badge was like all achievement and qualification badges government property.  

From http://www.austro-hungarian-army.co.uk/badges/feldpil.html

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(Prussia) Death's Head Hussars
In 1740 Frederick II came to the throne of Prussia and set about creating a magnificent army .

Seal of State

  The Austrian Military Merit Cross was founded on the 22nd of October 1849 by Kaiser Franz Joseph I on the suggestion of Feldmarschall Radetzky von Radetz as a distinction for especially meritorious service by commissioned officers in the face of the enemy. Exceptionally all officers who had participated in the campaigns of the years 1848/1849 were awarded the decoration. The decoration was enhanced in 1860 through the introduction of the War Decoration (Laurel Wreath) for especial actions in the face of the enemy. With the outbreak of the First World War, the decoration was reorganized into three grades on the 23rd of September 1914 with the original MVK becoming the new Third Class....  Similarly on the 23rd of April 1918 "Kleine Dekorationen" or service wear versions of the First and Second Class awards were introduced. These took the form of a Third Class award with a miniature of the actual Cross worn on the . ribbon.                                                                                   From http://www.austro-hungarian-army.co.uk/mvk.htm

Silvered Bronze medal: Chancellor Konrad Adenauer's 80th birthday , reverse translates as "THANKS FOR LOYAL SSISTANCE", facsimilie of Adenauer's autograph, 70 mm. diameter, in case of issue.

   Hungary: Commemorative Medal of the War of 1914-18
Date Instituted: 26 May 1929
Requirements: Awarded to those who served in the First World War, including with Hungary's allies.             From http://www.axishistory.com/index.php?id=4252

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i. Germany, Federal Republic, Order of Merit, Grand Cross of Merit, neck badge, gilt and enamels, in its case of issue, together with original bestowal document, dated 15 June 1964
ii. Malta, Order of Malta, Knight of Honour and Devotion, neck badge in silver-gilt and enamels, in its Gebr. Hummerle, München, case of issue
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iii. Prussia, Iron Cross 1914, 1st class
iv. Russia, Georgia, Order of Queen Tamara, breast star in silver and gilt, the central legend on a red enamel ground, by J. Godet & Sohn, Berlin
v. Turkey, Campaign Star 1915, superior quality badge in silver and enamel, the reverse with finely engraved text "High-flying pilot-coach Adof ", this, together with the two previous items, contained in an old fitted carrying case

vi. Mounted group of nine, comprising: (1) Prussia , Iron Cross 1914, 2nd class; (2)  Saxony , Order of Albert, Knight’s badge with swords, silver-gilt and enamels; (3)  Weimar Republic , Marine Corps Cross (Flandernkreuz)  with 3 ribbon bars, Yser, Ypern, Luftkrieg; (4)  Kyffhäuserbund Medal 1914-18, with swords on ribbon; (5) Commemorative Medal (of the German Legion of Honour) 1914-18, with sword and wreath emblem on ribbon;
(6) Austria , Military Merit Cross, 3rd class with war decoration, crossed swords on ribbon; (7) Marian Cross, silver and enamels; (8) Honour Legion Cross 1914-18;
(9) Hungary , War Commemorative Medal 1914-18, the group on an original Prussian style mounting bar by Godet-Werner, Berlin; all contained in an old fitted carrying case, together with War Commemorative Medals of (10)  Austria and (11)  Bulgaria

vii. Germany, Military Observer’s Badge, silver and enamels
viii. Austria, Military Flying Badge, bronze, gilt and enamels, by J. Zimbler, Wien.7
ix. Ottoman Empire, Military Flying Badge, this, together with the two previous badges, contained in an old fitted carrying case                                                                                                                                                                  

The Prussian Observers Badge ... was not strictly an achievement award. Observers training was longer and more rigorous than pilot training, so the Observer's Badge carried a status somewhat akin to an achievement award....  The German aviation obervers were almost always officers, while during the early war years, pilots were frequently enlisted personnnel and ordered where to go and how to fly by the officer.

From http://www.gwpda.org/medals/germmedl/-prussia.html

The Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta (known as the Sovereign Military Order of Malta (SMOM), Order of Malta or Knights of Malta for short) is a Roman Catholic order based in Rome , Italy . The Sovereign Military Order of Malta is a sovereign subject of international law .
It takes its origins from the Knights Hospitaller , an organization founded in Jerusalem in 1050 as an Amalfitan hospital to provide care for poor and sick pilgrims to the Holy Land . After the conquest of Jerusalem in 1099 during the First Crusade , it became a Catholic military order under its own charter. Following the loss of Christian territory to Islamic conquerors of the Holy Land, the Order operated from Rhodes (1310-1523), and later from Malta (1530-1798), over which it was sovereign .
Although this state came to an end with the ejection of the Order from Malta by Napoleon , the Order as such survived. It retains its claims of sovereignty under international law and has been granted permanent observer status at the United Nations . SMOM is considered to be the main successor to the medieval Knights Hospitaller.

Lower left breast: 
Georgia, Order of Queen Tamara; and Germany, 1914 Iron Cross, 1st class

Middle right breast:
Turkey, Campaign
Star 1915

Viktor von Koerber biographical

* Social, philanthropic and church work "away from the public eye"
* Efforts to improve employment prospects as well as create jobs and training opportunities for young people
* Entrepreneurial achievement in boosting long-term growth and employment particularly in regions with structural problems
* Outstanding scientific achievement generating new momentum or resulting in innovations and inventions with strong future potential
* Efforts to foster peaceful interaction and mutual tolerance between different religions and cultures
* Contributions to enhancing Germany's standing abroad and its relations with its European neighbours

J.A. Schramek
& Associates

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  AUSTRIAN FEDERAL REPUBLIC-1919-1938 - CROSS OF THE AUSTRIAN HONOR LEGION 1914-1918
- a decoration of this veterans' organization that existed between the wars, and given out when the Republic had no official awards. This organization ceased to exist after the absorption of Austria in the III Reich in 1938 - marked on reverse on lower arm an intertwined D S, probably the well known firm of Deschler & Sohn....

From http://www.worthpoint.com/worthopedia/austria-cross-of-the-austrian-honor-legion

      The Iron Cross of 1914, 2nd Class
The construction of the medal is a blackened iron center, with silver trim around the edge, about 42mm (1 5/8") in size. Early war examples are usually marked with the '800' or '900' silver hallmark on the ribbon suspension ring. Ribbon widths vary from 25 to 30mm. As the war progressed, and silver and iron became more scarce, silver plated trim around an alloy center was used. Late in the war, solid brass, one piece medals were cast. A precise count of the number of medals awarded is impossible to verify today, as the Prussian Army records were destroyed in the bombing of W.W.II. The best estimate is somewhere between 1.5 and 5 million.

From http://www.worldwar1.com/sfgcross.htm

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                        "Flandernkreuz" (the Flanders Cross)

The "Cross of honor and remembrance of the Marine Corps in Flanders" (Flandernkreuz in German) was an unofficial award was granted during the Weimar Republic to the members of the Marine Corps stationed on the coast of Belgium, more specifically Flanders. Members in the Coast Artillery and ships' crews who fought in the occupation of Belgium also received it.
Commemorative pins to wear with this award:
ANTWERPEN,  DURCHBRUCHSSCHLACHT,
DURCHBRUCHSSCHLACHT 1918
FLANDERNSCHLACHT, FLANDERNSCHLACHT 1917, 
LUFTKRIEG, SEEKRIEG,  SOMME,  YPERN,  YSER
Translated from "Flandernkreuz", parecidos razonables
("Flandernkreuz" appears reasonable), from Spanish, from 
http://hindenburg-collection.blogspot.com/2009_05_01_archive.html 

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   Honorary World War Commemorative Medal of the German Legion of Honour. Awarded by the "Council of the Order" of the Union of Nationalist Soldiers to men or women who, during the 1st WW and after dutifully served the Fatherland.

This bronze medal, either gilded or coppered.... For frontline troops a combat emblem was created for attachment to the ribbon : a gilt oak leaf wreath with a sword across.
This medal was first proposed in the autumn of 1917 but it took till 1921 before the "Council of the Order", which was to effect the actual awarding, was formed. Recipients had to pay for their medal themselves and could, if they so wished, be entered in the German Legion of Honour. This organization was divided in "Ritterschaften" (knight groups) and its members could call themselves "Ritter der Deutschen Ehrenlegion" (Knight of the German Legion of Honour).

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       Bulgaria: War Commemorative Medal 1915-18 (Combatant)
Instituted: December 1933.
Awarded: To those who served in the First World War as combatants, and to Bulgaria's allies in that war.
From http://www.medals.org.uk/bulgaria/kingdom/bulgaria-kingdom009.htm

    Central Powers WW1 Commemorative Medals: Austria
This medal was originally created 21 December 1932. It could be bestowed upon members of any of the former wartime Central Powers upon application. In 1933 swords were added to the ribbon to distinguish combatants from noncombatants.
From http://www.wehrmacht-awards.com/forums/showthread.php?t=22401

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LETTERS (OR CARBON COPIES THEREOF) To and from Koerber:
with translations from German

1)   1956 Letter from his eventual friend, Count L. von Donnersmarck, informing Koerber (henceforth designated here as VK) of receipt of VK’s application for admission into the Silesian Association of the (Catholic) Order of Malta, and explaining pertinent rules
2)   1960 Letter informing VK of his admission into the Order of Malta, from Count L. von Donnersmarck
3)   1961 letter (carbon copy) from VK to the Chancellor of the (Protestant) Order of St. John, informing him of VK's resignation from that Order and conversion to Catholicism
4)   1961 letter from the Chancellor of the Protestant Order of St. John, accepting VK's resignation from that Order: "I can well imagine the hardships to which you were subjected...." (referring to VK’s incarceration in Sachsenhausen)
5)   1967 letter (carbon copy) from VK to the Catholic Foreign Secretariat in Bonn, referring to some of VK's awards, e.g. the Marian Cross, and the Knight of Honour and Devotion of the Order of Malta
6)   1967 letter (carbon copy) from VK to the (West) German Department of decorations, referring to some of VK's awards, e.g. 1st & 2nd Classes of the Iron Cross
7)   1967 letter from the Orders’ Chancellory, Office of the President of (West) Germany
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To and from Heinz Engelhard:
8)   21 July 1975 letter (carbon copy) to Heinz Engelhard (henceforth designated here as HE) of Cape Town, South Africa, from the Orders’ Chancellory, Office of the President of (West) Germany, informing HE of VK’s entitlement to the German Grand Cross of Merit, and referring to his “Adenauer Medal” (VK died in South Africa, in 1969)
9)   28 July 1975 letter (carbon copy) to HE from Count L. von Donnersmarck, summarizing VK’s life and enclosing   A)  VK’s curriculum vitae, and   B)  a 1964 French newspaper article reporting VK’s receipt of the Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of (West) Germany
10) 28 July 1975 letter (carbon copy) to HE from W. von Zitzewitz of the (Protestant) Order of St. John, describing basic contents of the Order’s file on VK
11) 11 August 1975 letter from HE to R. de Meneaud
12)  Translation (only) of 18 August 1975 letter to HE from W. von Koerber (VK’s nephew)
13) Translation (only) of  11 November 1975 letter to HE from H. von Dienst-Koerber (VK’s other nephew) giving interesting details on VK’s life, e.g. claiming that VK was the first publisher of the infamous Nazi mouthpiece Völkischer Beobachter.

Reverses

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Order of Tamara breast star is   88 mm.
in diameter at its widest point, and it weighs approximately 64 grams. It has the Berlin maker's insignias on the reverse, upon a plate (which is 24 mm. in diameter) which
is covered by the embossed inscription
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                  J. GODET & SOHN
             KÖNIGL.HOFLIEFERANTEN                  
(translates from German as "Royal Purveyors")
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       (image of Prussian coat of arms)
                      * BERLIN *

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The Ottoman War Medal (Turkish : Harp Madalyasi), better known as the Gallipoli Star, or the Iron Crescent (from German Eiserner Halbmond, in allusion to the Iron Cross ) was a military decoration of the Ottoman Empire which was instituted by the Sultan Mehmed Reshad V on 1 March 1915 for gallantry in battle. This decoration was awarded for the duration of World War I to Ottoman and other Central Powers troops, primarily in Ottoman areas of engagement ….

The medal, made of nickel -plated brass, has a vaulted star-shaped badge, 56 mm across the diagonal span of the arms. The tips of the star are capped by ball finials and enclosed in a raised silver edge with the field in red lacquer or enamel . A raised crescent, open at the top, encircles the center of the badge. Inside the crescent is the tughra or cipher of the decoration's creator, Sultan Mehmed Reshad V, over the date 1333 AH (AD 1915). The reverse is flat, unadorned and has a straight pin..,..

Ottoman "Gallipoli Star", reverse inscription, translation from Arabic (Turkish): "High-flying
pilot-coach Adof "; weighs c. 12 grams.

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Scroll right for larger picture

Diploma cover

Inscription " MIT GOTT FÜR KÖNIG UND VATERLAND" translates from German as "WITH GOD FOR KING AND FATHERLAND"

Patch's text:
J.H. Werner
Godet-Werner
J. Godet & Sohn A.G.
Hof-Juweliere, gegr. 1761
BERLIN, Friedrichstr. 173.

means J. Godet & Son, Inc.
Court Jeweler, founded 1761
BERLIN, 173 Friedrich's St.

Karl Heinrich Lübke (1894-1972) was President of the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) from 1959 to 1969.
Von Koerber lived in Nice, France from 1958-1968.

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Summary of the Sir James Chadwick Nobel Prize Archive

The Sir James Chadwick Nobel Prize Archive

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